Bhagavad Gita 18.1अर्जुन उवाच संन्यासस्य महाबाहो तत्त्वमिच्छामि वेदितुम्।त्यागस्य च हृषीकेश पृथक्केशिनिषूदन ॥
arjuna uvācha sannyāsasya mahā-bāho tattvam ichchhāmi
veditum tyāgasya cha hṛiṣhīkeśha pṛithak keśhi-niṣhūdana
Sanskrit recitation
True renunciation · 18.1–18.12 · Teaching
Translation
Arjuna said, "O mighty-armed Hrishikesa, I desire to know the essence or truth of renunciation and abandonment severally, O slayer of Kesi."
Hindi translation
अर्जुन बोले -- हे महाबाहो ! हे हृषीकेश ! हे केशिनिषूदन ! मैं संन्यास और त्यागका तत्त्व अलग-अलग जानना चाहता हूँ।
Meaning
The teaching of the whole of the GitaSastra is summed up beautifully in this discourse. This last discourse is a brief masterly summary of all that is told in the previous chapters. Arjuna wishes to know the distinction between Sannyasa and Tyaga.Kesi was an Asura whom Lord Krishna slew. So Lord Krishna is addressed as Kesinishudana by Arjuna.The words Sannyasa and Tyaga have been used here and there in the preceding discourses but their connotations are not lucidly distinguished. Therefore Lord Krishna clearly explains to Arjuna the right significance of the two terms in the following verse.
After Swami Sivananda
True renunciation· 18.1–18.12→
Teachers usually read this idea across several verses together, one shared reflection covers the whole unit.
18.1Arjuna said, "O mighty-armed Hrishikesa, I desire to know the essence or truth of…
- 18.2The Blessed Lord said, "The sages understand sannyasa to be the renunciation of action…
- 18.3Some philosophers declare that actions should be abandoned as evil; while others declare…
- 18.4Hear from Me the conclusion or the final truth about this abandonment, O best of the…
- 18.5Acts of sacrifice, gift, and austerity should not be abandoned, but should be performed;…
- 18.6But even these actions should be performed, leaving aside attachment and the desire for…
- 18.7Verily, the renunciation of obligatory action is not proper; the abandonment of the same…
- 18.8He who abandons action out of fear of bodily trouble (because it is painful), does not…
- 18.9Whatever obligatory action is done, O Arjuna, merely because it ought to be done,…
- 18.10The man of renunciation, pervaded by purity, intelligent, and with his doubts cut asunder,…
- 18.11Indeed, it is not possible for an embodied being to completely abandon actions; however,…
- 18.12The threefold fruit of action (evil, good, and mixed) accrues after death to those who do…
Word-by-word→
- cha
- and
- tattvam
- the truth
- veditum
- to understand
- pṛithak
- distinctively
- tyāgasya
- of renunciation of desires for enjoying the fruits of actions
- ichchhāmi
- I wish
- mahā-bāho
- mighty-armed one
- sanyāsasya
- of renunciation of actions
- arjunaḥ uvācha
- Arjun said
- hṛiṣhīkeśha
- Krishna, the Lord of the senses
- keśhī-niṣhūdana
- Krishna, the killer of the Keshi demon
Related verses
- 18.53Having abandoned egoism, strength, arrogance, desire, anger, and covetousness, and being…
- 6.24Abandoning unreservedly all desires born of Sankalpa (thought and imagination) and…
- 5.12The one who is united (the well-poised or harmonized) having abandoned the fruit of action…
- 2.71That person attains peace who, abandoning all desires, moves about without longing,…