Bhagavad Gita 1.34आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः।मातुलाः श्चशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ॥
āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās tathaiva cha pitāmahāḥ
mātulāḥ śhvaśhurāḥ pautrāḥ śhyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā
Sanskrit recitation
When the body freezes · 1.28–1.47 · Teaching
Translation
Teachers, fathers, sons, and grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives—
Hindi translation
।।1.34 -- 1.35।। (टिप्पणी प0 24.1) आचार्य, पिता, पुत्र और उसी प्रकार पितामह, मामा, ससुर, पौत्र, साले तथा अन्य जितने भी सम्बन्धी हैं, मुझ पर प्रहार करने पर भी मैं इनको मारना नहीं चाहता, और हे मधुसूदन! मुझे त्रिलोकी का राज्य मिलता हो, तो भी मैं इनको मारना नहीं चाहता, फिर पृथ्वी के लिये तो (मैं इनको मारूँ ही) क्या?
Meaning
Arjuna has addressed Lord Kṛṣṇa as Govinda because Kṛṣṇa is the object of all pleasures for cows and the senses. By using this significant word, Arjuna indicates that Kṛṣṇa should understand what will satisfy Arjuna’s senses. But Govinda is not meant for satisfying our senses. If we try to satisfy the senses of Govinda, however, then automatically our own senses are satisfied. Materially, everyone wants to satisfy his senses, and he wants God to be the order supplier for such satisfaction. The Lord will satisfy the senses of the living entities as much as they deserve, but not to the extent that they may covet. But when one takes the opposite way – namely, when one tries to satisfy the senses of Govinda without desiring to satisfy one’s own senses – then by the grace of Govinda all desires of the living entity are satisfied. Arjuna’s deep affection for community and family members is exhibited here partly due to his natural compassion for them. He is therefore not prepared to fight. Everyone wants to show his opulence to friends and relatives, but Arjuna fears that all his relatives and friends will be killed on the battlefield and he will be unable to share his opulence after victory. This is a typical calculation of material life. The transcendental life, however, is different. Since a devotee wants to satisfy the desires of the Lord, he can, Lord willing, accept all kinds of opulence for the service of the Lord, and if the Lord is not willing, he should not accept a farthing. Arjuna did not want to kill his relatives, and if there were any need to kill them, he desired that Kṛṣṇa kill them personally. At this point he did not know that Kṛṣṇa had already killed them before their coming into the battlefield and that he was only to become an instrument for Kṛṣṇa. This fact is disclosed in following chapters. As a natural devotee of the Lord, Arjuna did not like to retaliate against his miscreant cousins and brothers, but it was the Lord’s plan that they should all be killed. The devotee of the Lord does not retaliate against the wrongdoer, but the Lord does not tolerate any mischief done to the devotee by the miscreants. The Lord can excuse a person on His own account, but He excuses no one who has done harm to His devotees. Therefore the Lord was determined to kill the miscreants, although Arjuna wanted to excuse them.
After A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
When the body freezes· 1.28–1.47→
Teachers usually read this idea across several verses together, one shared reflection covers the whole unit.
- 1.28Arjuna said, "O Krishna, seeing my kinsmen arrayed here, eager to fight,
- 1.29My limbs fail, my mouth is parched, my body quivers, and my hair stands on end.
- 1.30The Gandiva slips from my hand, and my skin burns all over; I am unable to stand, and my…
- 1.31And I see ill omens, O Kesava. I do not see any good in slaying my kinsmen in battle.
- 1.32I desire not victory, O Krishna, nor kingdom, nor pleasures. What use is dominion to us, O…
- 1.33Those for whose sake we desire kingdom, enjoyments, and pleasures stand here in battle,…
1.34Teachers, fathers, sons, and grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons,…
- 1.35These I do not wish to kill, O Krishna, even though they kill me, for the sake of dominion…
- 1.36By killing these sons of Dhritarashtra, what pleasure could be ours, O Janardana? Only sin…
- 1.37Therefore, we should not kill the sons of Dhritarashtra, our relatives; for how can we be…
- 1.38Though they, with intelligence overpowered by greed, see no evil in the destruction of…
- 1.39Why should we not, who clearly see the evil in the destruction of families, learn to turn…
- 1.40In the destruction of a family, the immemorial religious rites of that family perish; on…
- 1.41O Krishna, by the prevalence of impiety, the women of the family become corrupt; and, when…
- 1.42Confusion of castes leads to hell for the slayers of the family, for their forebears fall,…
- 1.43By these evil deeds of the destroyers of the family, which cause confusion of castes, the…
- 1.44We have heard, O Janardana, that those men in whose families the religious practices have…
- 1.45Alas! We are involved in a great sin, for we are prepared to kill our kinsmen, out of…
- 1.46If the sons of Dhritarashtra, with weapons in hand, should slay me in battle, unresisting…
- 1.47Sanjaya said, Having thus spoken in the midst of the battlefield, Arjuna cast away his bow…
Word-by-word→
- cha
- also
- eva
- indeed
- tathā
- as well
- pitaraḥ
- fathers
- putrāḥ
- sons
- pautrāḥ
- grandsons
- mātulāḥ
- maternal uncles
- śhyālāḥ
- brothers-in-law
- pitāmahāḥ
- grandfathers
- āchāryāḥ
- teachers
- sambandhinaḥ
- kinsmen
- śhvaśhurāḥ
- fathers-in-law
Related verses
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- 11.49Do not be afraid, nor be bewildered on seeing such a terrible form of Mine; with your fear…
- 10.4Intellect, wisdom, non-delusion, forgiveness, truth, self-restraint, calmness, happiness,…
- 2.35The great chariot-warriors will think that you have withdrawn from the battle out of fear,…