Bhagavad Gita 11.39वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च।नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते ॥
vāyur yamo ’gnir varuṇaḥ śhaśhāṅkaḥ prajāpatis tvaṁ prapitāmahaśh cha
namo namas te ’stu sahasra-kṛitvaḥ punaśh cha bhūyo ’pi namo namas te
Sanskrit recitation
After awe — devotion · 11.35–11.55 · Teaching
Translation
You are Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the Creator, and the great-grandfather. I offer my salutations to You a thousand times, and again I offer my salutations to You.
Hindi translation
आप ही वायु, यमराज, अग्नि, वरुण, चन्द्रमा, दक्ष आदि प्रजापति और प्रपितामह (ब्रह्माजीके भी पिता) हैं। आपको हजारों बार नमस्कार हो! नमस्कार हो ! ! और फिर भी आपको बार-बार नमस्कार हो ! नमस्कार हो !
Meaning
Prajapati Marichi and others were the seven mindborn sons of Brahma. Kasyapa descended from Marichi and from Kasyapa came all other progeny. Therefore, Marichi, Kasyapa and others are known as Prajapatis or the gods or progeny. The word Prajapati here is interpreted by some as Kasyapa and other Prajapatis. But as the word has been used here in the singular number it is appropriate to take Brahma as Prajapati. Brahma is the grandfather (Pitamaha) of Kasyapa. Brahma or the Hiranyagarbha is the Karya Brahman (effect). Isvara is the Karana Brahman (the cause for Brahma). Therefore, Isvara is the greatgrandfather. He is the father of,even Brahma.Isvara has Maya as the limiting adjunct. Maya is His causal body. Isvara has no plane. Maya is in an undifferentiated state. She is in a state where the alities of Nature (Gunas) are in eilibrium. When the eilibrium is disturbed through the will of Isvara, the three Gunas, Brahma, Vishnu and Siva manifest.Thou art the moon alludes to and includes the sun also.Punah, Bhuyah Again. Salutations a thousand times and again salutations. This indicates that Arjuna had intense faith in and boundless devotion for Lord Krishna. He was not satisfied even if he prostrated himself a thousand times.
After Swami Sivananda
After awe — devotion· 11.35–11.55→
Teachers usually read this idea across several verses together, one shared reflection covers the whole unit.
- 11.35Sanjaya said, Having heard that speech of Lord Krishna, Arjuna, with joined palms,…
- 11.36Arjuna said, "It is fitting, O Krishna, that the world delights and rejoices in Your…
- 11.37And why should they not, O great Soul, bow to Thee Who art greater than all else, the…
- 11.38You are the primal God, the ancient Purusha, the supreme refuge of this universe, the…
11.39You are Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the Creator, and the great-grandfather. I…
- 11.40Salutations to You in front and behind! Salutations to You on every side! O All! You,…
- 11.41Whatever I have presumptuously said from carelessness or love, addressing You as O…
- 11.42In whatever way I may have insulted You for the sake of fun, while at play, reposing,…
- 11.43Thou art the Father of this world, both moving and unmoving. Thou art to be adored by this…
- 11.44Therefore, bowing down and prostrating my body, I crave Thy forgiveness, O adorable Lord.…
- 11.45I am delighted, having seen something never seen before; yet my mind is distressed with…
- 11.46I desire to see You as before, crowned, bearing a mace, with the discus in hand, in Your…
- 11.47The Blessed Lord said, "O Arjuna, this Cosmic Form has graciously been shown to you by Me…
- 11.48Neither by the study of the Vedas, nor by gifts, nor by sacrifices, nor by severe…
- 11.49Do not be afraid, nor be bewildered on seeing such a terrible form of Mine; with your fear…
- 11.50Sanjaya said, Having thus spoken to Arjuna, Krishna again showed His own form. The great…
- 11.51Arjuna said, "Having seen this Thy gentle human form, O Krishna, now I am composed and…
- 11.52The Blessed Lord said, "It is very hard indeed to see this form of Mine which thou hast…
- 11.53Neither by the Vedas, nor by austerity, nor by gift, nor by sacrifice can I be seen in…
- 11.54But by single-minded devotion, I can be known, seen, and entered into in reality, O…
- 11.55He who does all actions for Me, who regards Me as the Supreme, who is devoted to Me, who…
Word-by-word→
- te
- unto you
- api
- also
- cha
- and
- astu
- let there be
- tvam
- you
- agniḥ
- the god of fire
- namaḥ
- (offering) my salutations
- yamaḥ
- the god of death
- vāyuḥ
- the god of wind
- bhūyaḥ
- again
- namaḥ te
- offering my salutations unto you
- punaḥ cha
- and again
- varuṇaḥ
- the god of water
- prajāpatiḥ
- Brahma
- prapitāmahaḥ
- the great-grandfather
- śhaśha-aṅkaḥ
- the moon-God
- sahasra-kṛitvaḥ
- a thousand times
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